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Next.js

Deployment

Congratulations, you are ready to deploy your Next.js application to production. This document will show how to deploy either managed or self-hosted using the Next.js Build API.

Next.js Build API

next build generates an optimized version of your application for production. This standard output includes:

  • HTML files for pages using getStaticProps or Automatic Static Optimization
  • CSS files for global styles or for individually scoped styles
  • JavaScript for pre-rendering dynamic content from the Next.js server
  • JavaScript for interactivity on the client-side through React

This output is generated inside the .next folder:

  • .next/static/chunks/pages – Each JavaScript file inside this folder relates to the route with the same name. For example, .next/static/chunks/pages/about.js would be the JavaScript file loaded when viewing the /about route in your application
  • .next/static/media – Statically imported images from next/image are hashed and copied here
  • .next/static/css – Global CSS files for all pages in your application
  • .next/server/pages – The HTML and JavaScript entry points prerendered from the server. The .nft.json files are created when Output File Tracing is enabled and contain all the file paths that depend on a given page.
  • .next/server/chunks – Shared JavaScript chunks used in multiple places throughout your application
  • .next/cache – Output for the build cache and cached images, responses, and pages from the Next.js server. Using a cache helps decrease build times and improve performance of loading images

All JavaScript code inside .next has been compiled and browser bundles have been minified to help achieve the best performance and support all modern browsers.

Managed Next.js with Vercel

Vercel is the fastest way to deploy your Next.js application with zero configuration.

When deploying to Vercel, the platform automatically detects Next.js, runs next build, and optimizes the build output for you, including:

In addition, Vercel provides features like:

Deploy a Next.js application to Vercel for free to try it out.

Self-Hosting

You can self-host Next.js with support for all features using Node.js or Docker. You can also do a Static HTML Export, which has some limitations.

Node.js Server

Next.js can be deployed to any hosting provider that supports Node.js. For example, AWS EC2 or a DigitalOcean Droplet.

First, ensure your package.json has the "build" and "start" scripts:

{
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "next dev",
    "build": "next build",
    "start": "next start"
  }
}

Then, run next build to build your application. Finally, run next start to start the Node.js server. This server supports all features of Next.js.

If you are using next/image, consider adding sharp for more performant Image Optimization in your production environment by running npm install sharp in your project directory. On Linux platforms, sharp may require additional configuration to prevent excessive memory usage.

Docker Image

Next.js can be deployed to any hosting provider that supports Docker containers. You can use this approach when deploying to container orchestrators such as Kubernetes or HashiCorp Nomad, or when running inside a single node in any cloud provider.

  1. Install Docker on your machine
  2. Clone the with-docker example
  3. Build your container: docker build -t nextjs-docker .
  4. Run your container: docker run -p 3000:3000 nextjs-docker

If you need to use different Environment Variables across multiple environments, check out our with-docker-multi-env example.

Static HTML Export

If you’d like to do a static HTML export of your Next.js app, follow the directions on our Static HTML Export documentation.

Other Services

The following services support Next.js v12+. Below, you’ll find examples or guides to deploy Next.js to each service.

Managed Server

Note: There are also managed platforms that allow you to use a Dockerfile as shown in the example above.

Static Only

The following services only support deploying Next.js using next export.

You can also manually deploy the next export output to any static hosting provider, often through your CI/CD pipeline like GitHub Actions, Jenkins, AWS CodeBuild, Circle CI, Azure Pipelines, and more.

Serverless

Note: Not all serverless providers implement the Next.js Build API from next start. Please check with the provider to see what features are supported.

Automatic Updates

When you deploy your Next.js application, you want to see the latest version without needing to reload.

Next.js will automatically load the latest version of your application in the background when routing. For client-side navigations, next/link will temporarily function as a normal <a> tag.

Note: If a new page (with an old version) has already been prefetched by next/link, Next.js will use the old version. Navigating to a page that has not been prefetched (and is not cached at the CDN level) will load the latest version.

Manual Graceful shutdowns

Sometimes you might want to run some cleanup code on process signals like SIGTERM or SIGINT.

You can do that by setting the env variable NEXT_MANUAL_SIG_HANDLE to true and then register a handler for that signal inside your _document.js file. Please note that you need to register env variable directly in the system env variable, not in the .env file.

// package.json
{
  "scripts": {
    "dev": "NEXT_MANUAL_SIG_HANDLE=true next dev",
    "build": "next build",
    "start": "NEXT_MANUAL_SIG_HANDLE=true next start"
  }
}

// pages/_document.js

if (process.env.NEXT_MANUAL_SIG_HANDLE) {
  // this should be added in your custom _document
  process.on('SIGTERM', () => {
    console.log('Received SIGTERM: ', 'cleaning up')
    process.exit(0)
  })

  process.on('SIGINT', () => {
    console.log('Received SIGINT: ', 'cleaning up')
    process.exit(0)
  })
}

Related

For more information on what to do next, we recommend the following sections:

Going to Production

Ensure the best performance and user experience.
Going to ProductionAuthentication